Appendix聽E.聽Porting to Other Systems - MySQL 5.1参考手册中文版

濡傛灉浣犻亣鍒颁竴浜涢潪甯告槑纭�鐨勯棶棰橈紝浣犲彲浠ユ�绘槸璇曠潃璋冭瘯MySQL銆傝�佽皟璇昅ySQL锛屼綘蹇呴』鐢�--with-debug鎴�--with-debug=full閫夐」鏉ラ厤缃甅ySQL銆備綘鍙�浠ユ��鏌�MySQL鏄�鍚︽槸閫氳繃mysqld --help鏉ュ拰璋冭瘯涓�璧风紪璇戠殑銆傚�傛灉--debug鏍囪�板拰閫夐」涓�璧疯��鍒楀嚭浜嗭紝浣犲氨鍙�浠ヨ皟璇曚簡銆傚湪杩欑�嶆儏鍐�mysqladmin ver涓嬫妸mysqld鐗堟湰鍒楁垚mysql ... --debug銆�

濡傛灉浣犱娇鐢�gcc 鎴� egcs锛屾帹鑽愮殑configure 琛屽�備笅锛�

CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O2" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -felide-constructors \
   -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql \
   --with-debug --with-extra-charsets=complex

杩欓伩鍏嶄簡libstdc++搴撳拰C++寮傚父锛堝緢澶氱紪璇戝櫒鍦ㄧ嚎绋嬩唬鐮侀噷鏈塁++寮傚父鐨勯棶棰橈級鐨勯棶棰橈紝骞剁紪璇戜簡涓�涓�鏀�鎸佹墍鏈夊瓧绗﹂泦鐨凪ySQL鐗堟湰銆�

濡傛灉浣犳��鐤戝唴瀛樻孩鍑洪敊璇�锛屼綘鍙�浠ョ敤--with-debug=full鏉ラ厤缃甅ySQL锛岃繖浼氬畨瑁呬竴涓�鍐呭瓨鍒嗛厤锛圫AFEMALLOC锛夋��鏌ュ櫒銆傚彲鏄�锛岃繍琛孲AFEMALLOC鏄�闈炲父鎱㈢殑锛屾墍浠ュ�傛灉浣犻亣鍒版�ц兘涓婄殑闂�棰橈紝浣犲簲璇� 鐢�--skip-safemalloc閫夐」鍚�鍔�mysqld銆傝繖鏍风�佹�㈡帀瀵硅皟鐢╩alloc()鍜宖ree()鐨勫唴瀛樻��鏌ャ��

褰撲綘鐢�--with-debug缂栬瘧mysqld鏃讹紝濡傛灉瀹冧笉鍐嶅穿婧冿紝浣犲ぇ鑷村凡缁忓湪MySQL鍐呮壘鍒颁竴涓�缂栬瘧鍣ㄧ己闄锋垨璁℃椂缂洪櫡銆傝繖绉嶆儏鍐典笅锛屼綘鍙�浠ヨ瘯鐫�鎶�-g鍔犲埌涓婇潰鐨�CFLAGS鍜�CXXFLAGS鍙橀噺锛屽苟涓斾笉浣跨敤--with-debug銆傚�傛灉mysqld澶辫触锛屼綘鑷冲皯鍙�浠�gdb鐢ㄩ檮鐫�涓婂畠鎴栦娇鐢ㄦ牳蹇冩枃浠朵笂鐨�gdb鍘绘壘鍑哄彂鐢熶粈涔堥棶棰樸��

褰撲綘涓鸿皟璇曢厤缃甅ySQL鏃讹紝浣犲氨鑷�鍔ㄥ厑璁歌�稿�氶�濆�栫殑鐩戣��mysqld鍋ュ悍鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ��鏌ュ嚱鏁般�傚�傛灉瀹冧滑鍙戠幇涓�浜涒�滀笉鏈熸湜鈥濈殑浜嬶紝浼氬啓涓�涓�鏉＄洰鍒皊tderr锛�safe_mysqld锛�鎸囧紩杩欎釜stderr鍒伴敊璇�鏃ュ織锛佽繖涔熸剰鍛崇潃濡傛灉MySQL鍙戠敓浠�涔堟剰澶栫殑闂�棰橈紝骞朵笖浣犳�ｄ娇鐢ㄤ竴涓�婧愭枃浠跺彂甯冪増鏈�锛岄偅涔堜綘瑕佸仛鐨勭��涓�浠朵簨灏辨槸鍘讳负璋冭瘯閰嶇疆MySQL锛侊紙绗�浜屼欢浜嬫槸鍙戦偖浠跺埌MySQL閭�浠跺垪琛ㄨ�锋眰甯�鍔╋級銆傝�峰弬闃�1.7.1.1鑺傦紝鈥淢ySQL閭�浠跺垪琛ㄢ��銆傝�锋牴鎹�浣犱娇鐢ㄧ殑MySQL鐗堟湰瀵规墍鏈夌己闄锋姤鍛婃垨闂�棰樹娇鐢�mysqlbug鑴氭湰锛�

鍦╓indows MySQL鍙戝竷鍖呴噷锛宮ysqld.exe榛樿�ょ紪璇戜负鏀�鎸佽拷韪�鏂囦欢銆�

濡傛灉mysqld 鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ病鏈夊惎鍔ㄦ垨鑰呬綘鍙�浠ュ揩閫熷湴浣垮叾宕╂簝锛屼綘鍙�浠ュ垱寤轰竴涓�璺熻釜鏂囦欢鏉ユ壘鍑洪棶棰樸��

瑕佽繖涔堝仛鐨勮瘽锛屼綘蹇呴』鏈変竴涓�缂栬瘧浜嗘敮鎸佽皟璇曠殑mysqld锛� 浣犲彲浠ラ�氳繃鎵ц��mysqld -V鏉ユ��鏌ヤ竴涓嬨�傚�傛灉鐗堟湰鍙峰悗闈㈣窡鐫�-debug锛屽畠灏辨槸琚�缂栬瘧鎴愭敮鎸佽窡韪�鏂囦欢銆傦紙鍦� Windows涓�锛岃皟璇曟湇鍔″櫒琚�鍛藉悕涓�mysqld-debug 鑰屼笉鏄�璞�MySQL 4.1 閭ｆ牱鐨�mysqld 锛夈��

濡備笅鍛戒护锛屽惎鍔ㄥ甫璺熻釜鏂囦欢鐨� mysqld 鏈嶅姟鍣�锛岃窡韪�鏂囦欢浣嶄簬Unix涓婄殑/tmp/mysqld.trace鐩�褰曢噷锛學indows涓� 鐨凜:\mysqld.trace鐩�褰曢噷锛�

shell> mysqld --debug

鍦╓indows涓婏紝浣犱篃鍙�浠ヤ娇鐢�--standalone鍙傛暟锛屽惎鍔�mysqld璁╁畠涓�浣滀负鏈嶅姟銆傚湪鎺у埗鍙扮獥鍙ｏ紝浣跨敤杩欎釜鍛戒护锛�

C:\> mysqld-debug --debug --standalone

瀹屾瘯涔嬪悗锛屼綘鍙�浠ヤ娇鐢ㄧ��浜屼釜绐楀彛涓�鐨� mysql.exe 鍛戒护琛屽伐鍏烽噸鏂板埗閫犻棶棰樸�備綘鍙�浠ョ敤mysqladmin shutdown鍛戒护鍋滄��mysqld鏈嶅姟鍣ㄣ��

娉ㄦ剰锛岃窡韪�鏂囦欢浼氬彉寰�寰堝ぇ锛佸�傛灉浣犳兂鐢熸垚涓�涓�灏忎竴鐐圭殑璺熻釜鏂囦欢锛屼綘鍙�浠ヤ娇鐢ㄧ被浼艰繖鏍风殑璋冨埗閫夐」锛�

mysqld --debug=d,info,error,query,general,where:O,/tmp/mysqld.trace

杩欐牱灏变粎鎶婂甫鏈�鎰熷叴瓒ｆ爣璁扮殑淇℃伅鍐欒繘璺熻釜鏂囦欢閲�.

濡傛灉浣犵敓鎴愪竴涓�鏈夊叧浜庢�ょ殑缂洪櫡鎶ュ憡锛岃�峰彧鐢ㄦ妸璺熻釜鏂囦欢涓�鐨勭浉鍏宠�屽彂閫佸埌鎭板綋鐨勯偖浠跺垪琛ㄥ幓锛岄偅閲屽叧娉ㄤ綘鎶ュ憡鍑洪棶棰樼殑閮ㄥ垎銆傚�傛灉浣犱笉鑳芥壘鍑哄摢閲屽嚭闂�棰橈紝浣犲彲浠�ftp涓婅浇鏁翠釜璺熻釜鏂囦欢鍒�ftp://ftp.mysql.com/pub/mysql/upload/锛屽苟闄勬湁瀹屽叏鐨勭己闄锋姤鍛婏紝MySQL寮�鍙戜汉鍛樹細鐪嬪埌瀹冪殑銆�

杩借釜鏂囦欢鏄�鐢盕red Fish鐢�DBUG杞�浠跺寘鐢熸垚鐨勶紝璇峰弬闃�E.3鑺傦紝鈥淒BUG杞�浠跺寘鈥�銆�

濡傛灉mysqld宕╂簝浜嗭紝鍦ㄥぇ澶氭暟绯荤粺涓婏紝浣犱篃鍙�鏄�浠�gdb鍚�鍔�mysqld鏉ヨ幏鍙栨洿澶氫俊鎭�銆�

Linux涓婏紝鏈変竴浜涜�佺増鏈�鐨�gdb锛屽�傛灉浣犳兂瑕佽兘璋冭瘯mysqld绾跨▼锛屼綘蹇呴』浣跨敤run --one-threadsome銆傚湪杩欑�嶆儏鍐典笅锛屼綘鍙�浠ヤ竴娆″彧婵�娲讳竴涓�绾跨▼銆傛垜浠�鎺ㄨ崘浣犲崌绾у埌gdb 5.1 ASAP 锛岃繖涓�鐗堟湰涓婄嚎绋嬭皟璇曞伐浣滃緱鏇村ソ锛�

NTPL 绾跨▼锛圠inux涓婄殑鏂扮嚎绋嬪簱锛夊彲鑳戒細鍦�gdb涓嬭繍琛�mysqld鏃堕亣鍒伴棶棰樸�備竴浜涚棁鐘跺�備笅锛�

鍦ㄨ繖绉嶆儏鍐典笅浣犲簲璇ュ湪鍚�鍔�gdb涔嬪墠鍦ㄥ�栧３涓婅�剧疆濡備笅鐜�澧冨彉閲忥細

LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL

鍦�gdb涓嬭繍琛�mysqld鏃讹紝浣犲簲璇ョ敤--skip-stack-trace鏉ョ�佹�㈠爢鏍堣窡韪�锛屼互渚胯兘鎹曡幏gdb鍐呯殑娈甸敊璇�銆�

鍦∕ySQL 4.0.14鍜屼互涓婄増鏈�锛屼綘搴旇�ュ�筸ysqld浣跨敤--gdb閫夐」銆� 杩欎細涓篠IGINT瀹夎�呬竴涓�涓�鏂�澶勭悊鍣�锛堥渶瑕佺敤^C鍋滄��mysqld鏉ヨ�剧疆鏂�鐐癸級锛屽苟涓旂�佹�㈠爢鏍堣窡韪�鍜屾牳蹇冩枃浠跺�勭悊銆�

褰�gdb娌℃湁缁欐棫绾跨▼閲婃斁鍐呭瓨鐨勬暣涓�鏃堕棿閲岋紝濡傛灉浣犲仛浜嗗ぇ閲忕殑鏂拌繛鎺ワ紝鍦�gdb涓嬭皟璇昅ySQL鏄�闈炲父鍥伴毦鐨勩�備綘鍙�浠ラ�氳繃甯� -O thread_cache_size= 'max_connections +1' 鍚�鍔�mysqld 鏉ラ伩鍏嶈繖涓�闂�棰樸�傚湪澶氭暟鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鍙�浣跨敤-O thread_cache_size=5'灏卞彈鐩婃棤绌蜂簡锛�

濡傛灉mysqld甯︾潃SIGSEGV淇″彿姝绘帀浜嗭紝鑰屼綘鎯冲湪Linux涓婅浆鍌ㄦ牳蹇冿紝浣犲彲浠ュ甫--core-file閫夐」鍚�鍔�mysqld銆傝繖涓�鏍稿績鏂囦欢鍙�浠ヨ��鐢ㄦ潵鐢熸垚 鍚戝悗璺熻釜锛屽畠鍙�浠ュ府浣犳壘鍑�mysqld 涓轰綍姝绘帀锛�

shell> gdb mysqld core
gdb>   backtrace full
gdb>   exit

璇峰弬闃�A.4.2鑺傦紝鈥滃�傛灉MySQL渚濇棫宕╂簝锛岃�ュ�備綍鍘诲仛鈥�銆�

濡傛灉浣犲湪Linux涓婁娇鐢�gdb 4.17.x 鎴栦互涓婄増鏈�锛屼綘搴旇�ュ畨瑁呬竴涓�甯︽湁濡備笅淇℃伅鐨� .gdb 鏂囦欢鍒颁綘褰撳墠鐩�褰曪細

set print sevenbit off
handle SIGUSR1 nostop noprint
handle SIGUSR2 nostop noprint
handle SIGWAITING nostop noprint
handle SIGLWP nostop noprint
handle SIGPIPE nostop
handle SIGALRM nostop
handle SIGHUP nostop
handle SIGTERM nostop noprint

濡傛灉浣犵敤gdb璋冭瘯绾跨▼閬囧埌闂�棰橈紝浣犲簲璇ヤ笅杞絞db 5.x鐗堟湰骞剁敤瀹冭瘯涓�涓嬭皟璇曘�傛柊鐗堟湰鐨� gdb 澶уぇ鏀瑰杽浜嗙嚎绋嬪�勭悊锛�

涓嬮潰鏄�濡備綍璋冭瘯mysqld鐨勪緥瀛愶細

shell> gdb /usr/local/libexec/mysqld
gdb> run
...
backtrace full # Do this when mysqld crashes

鎶婁笂闈㈢殑杈撳叆鍐欒繘涓�涓�鐢�mysqlbug鐢熸垚鐨勯偖浠堕噷锛屽彂閫佸埌缁煎悎MySQL閭�浠跺垪琛ㄣ�傝�峰弬闃�1.7.1.1鑺傦紝鈥淢ySQL 閭�浠跺垪琛ㄢ��銆�

濡傛灉mysqld 鎸傝捣锛屼綘鍙�浠ヨ瘯鐫�鐢ㄤ竴浜涜�稿�俿trace 鎴� /usr/proc/bin/pstack 杩欐牱鐨勭郴缁熷伐鍏疯繛妫�鏌�mysqld 鍦ㄥ摢閲屾寕璧枫��

strace /tmp/log libexec/mysqld

濡傛灉浣犱娇鐢� Perl DBI 鎺ュ彛锛屼綘鍙�浠ヤ娇鐢╰race鏂规硶鎴栬�剧疆DBI_TRACE鐜�澧冨彉閲忔潵鎵撳紑璋冭瘯淇℃伅銆�

鍦ㄤ竴浜涙搷浣滅郴缁熶笂锛屽�傛灉mysqld鎰忓�栨�绘帀锛岄敊璇�鏃ュ織鍖呭惈涓�涓�鍫嗘爤璺熻釜銆備綘鍙�浠ョ敤瀹冩潵鎵惧嚭mysqld 鍦ㄥ摢閲岋紙涔熻�稿彲鑳芥壘鍑轰负浠�涔堬級姝绘帀銆傝�峰弬闃�5.11.1鑺傦紝鈥滈敊璇�鏃ュ織鈥�銆傝�佽幏寰楀爢鏍堣窡韪�锛屼綘涓嶈兘鐢�-fomit-frame-pointer 閫夐」缂栬瘧mysqld 涓篻cc銆� 璇峰弬闃�E.1.1鑺傦紝鈥滈拡瀵硅皟璇曠紪璇慚ySQL鈥�銆�

濡傛灉閿欒��鏂囦欢鍖呭惈绫讳技涓嬮潰鐨勪竴浜涘唴瀹癸細

mysqld got signal 11;
The manual section 'Debugging a MySQL server' tells you how to use a
stack trace and/or the core file to produce a readable backtrace that may
help in finding out why mysqld died
Attempting backtrace. You can use the following information to find out
where mysqld died.  If you see no messages after this, something went
terribly wrong...
stack range sanity check, ok, backtrace follows
0x40077552
0x81281a0
0x8128f47
0x8127be0
0x8127995
0x8104947
0x80ff28f
0x810131b
0x80ee4bc
0x80c3c91
0x80c6b43
0x80c1fd9
0x80c1686

浣犲彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄥ�備笅姝ラ�ゆ壘鍑�mysqld鍦ㄤ粈涔堝湴鏂瑰嚭鐜伴棶棰橈細

娉ㄦ剰锛屽湪甯�--log閫夐」鍚�鍔� mysqld涔嬪墠锛屼綘搴旇�ョ敤myisamchk妫�鏌ユ墍鏈夌殑琛ㄣ�傝�峰弬闃�绗�5绔狅細鏁版嵁搴撶�＄悊.

濡傛灉 mysqld 姝讳簡鎴栨寕璧凤紝浣犲簲璇ョ敤--log鍚�鍔� mysqld 銆傚綋mysqld 鍐嶆�℃�绘帀鏃讹紝浣犲彲浠ユ��鏌ユ棩蹇楁枃浠剁殑鏈�鍚庯紝鎵惧嚭鏉�鎺�mysqld鐨勬煡璇�銆�

濡傛灉浣犱笉甯︽枃浠跺悕浣跨敤 --log 锛屾棩蹇楄��淇濆瓨鍦�鍚嶄负host_name.log鐨勬暟鎹�搴撶洰褰曢噷銆傚湪澶氭暟鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鏃ュ織鏂囦欢涓�鐨勬渶鍚庝竴涓�鏌ヨ�㈡潃鎺�mysqld锛屼絾濡傛灉鏈夊彲鑳斤紝浣犲簲璇ラ噸鍚�mysqld骞朵粠mysq鍛戒护琛屽伐鍏锋墽琛屾壘鍒扮殑鏌ヨ�㈡潵楠岃瘉涓�涓嬨�傚�傛灉杩欎釜鏌ヨ�㈡潃鎺�浜唌ysqld锛屼綘涔熷簲璇ユ祴璇曟墍鏈夋病鏈夊畬鎴愮殑澶嶆潅鏌ヨ��銆�

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